A Selected Review of Impacts of Ocean Deoxygenation on Fish and Fisheries

Oxygen is crucial for the survival of marine species. Yet, ocean has experienced a loss approximately 2% its oxygen inventory since last century, resulting in adverse impacts on life and ecosystems. In particular, changes gap between supply demand dissolved lead to physiological ecological variations, which cause alterations habitats food webs fish ecosystem services. These vary over time by region, heterogeneous characteristics species bring about non-linear consequences human society. Despite this, identifying potential ripple effects deoxygenation society challenging due integrated other stressors, such as global warming acidification, their varying depending environmental conditions regions, upwelling eutrophication. Therefore, we conducted literature review dynamics ecosystem, with focus societal impact, present considerations pathways future research deoxygenation. We found that quantitative approaches are necessary assess dynamic under deoxygenation, consequent ecosystems should be verified exploit natural resources from ocean. One most reliable quantifying model spatial temporal climate forming network encompassing socio-economic regional this change facilitate improve capabilities address